@MastersThesis{Ueda:2018:PiOxCo,
author = "Ueda, Natalia Pellegrine",
title = "Pir{\'o}lise oxidativa e combust{\~a}o da turfa de S{\~a}o
Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2018",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2018-02-21",
keywords = "turfa, combust{\~a}o, inc{\^e}ndios, peat, fires, combustion.",
abstract = "Os inc{\^e}ndios de turfa s{\~a}o os maiores fen{\^o}menos de
combust{\~a}o no planeta Terra. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo
da pir{\'o}lise e da combust{\~a}o de amostras de turfa do
munic{\'{\i}}pio de S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos, no vale do
Rio Para{\'{\i}}ba do Sul, em S{\~a}o Paulo. Foram coletadas
amostras, classificadas e determinadas as suas
caracter{\'{\i}}sticas f{\'{\i}}sico-qu{\'{\i}}micas. Foram
analisados os processos de pir{\'o}lise oxidativa e de
combust{\~a}o por an{\'a}lise termogravim{\'e}trica (TGA) e por
calorimetria explorat{\'o}ria diferencial (DSC). Foram efetuadas
an{\'a}lises da pir{\'o}lise e da queima da turfa em
calor{\'{\i}}metro c{\^o}nico, determinando-se emiss{\~o}es,
taxas de queima e taxas de libera{\c{c}}{\~a}o de calor.
Amostras de turfa fibrosa, fibrosa/h{\^e}mica e de solo turfoso
foram obtidas, com valores de umidade variando de 58 a 90 \% em
base {\'u}mida. O teor de umidade depende do tipo de turfa, do
local e do per{\'{\i}}odo da coleta das amostras. As densidades
m{\'e}dias aparentes calculadas foram 0,541, 0,585 e 0,527
g/cm\$^{3}\$ e as densidades da fase s{\'o}lida medidas foram
1,753, 2,023 e 1,559 g/cm\$^[3}\$, respectivamente, para as
amostras de turfa fibrosa, fibrosa/h{\^e}mica e de solo turfoso.
Os poderes calor{\'{\i}}ficos superiores medidos foram de 15171,
6643 e 16800 J/g, obtidos em calor{\'{\i}}metro convencional, e
de 15663, 5428 e 13581 J/g, obtidos por DSC, respectivamente, para
as amostras de turfa fibrosa, fibrosa/h{\^e}mica e de solo
turfoso. Os valores m{\'e}dios encontrados de energia de
ativa{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos processos de pir{\'o}lise oxidativa e de
combust{\~a}o foram, respectivamente, 56461, 55594 e 48400 J/mol
para as turfas fibrosa, fibrosa/h{\^e}mica e para o solo turfoso.
Durante a queima de amostras de turfa em calor{\'{\i}}metro
c{\^o}nico observou-se a predomin{\^a}ncia do processo de
incandesc{\^e}ncia e verificaram-se valores m{\'a}ximos de
emiss{\~a}o de 235 ppm de CO, 1346 ppm de CO\$_{2}\$, 3,1 ppm
de NO\$_{x}\$ e de 142 ppm de UHC no caso da turfa fibrosa, e
127 ppm de CO, 1135 ppm de CO\$_{2}\$, 5,4 ppm de NO\$_{x}\$ e
de 72 ppm de UHC, no caso do solo turfoso. As taxas m{\'a}ximas
de libera{\c{c}}{\~a}o de calor calculadas foram 1245
kW/m\$^{²}\$ e 1206 kW/m\$^{²}\$, para amostras de turfa
fibrosa e de solo turfoso, respectivamente. ABSTRACT: Peat fires
are the largest combustion phenomena on Earth. This work presents
an experimental study of the pyrolysis and combustion of peat
samples collected in the municipality of S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos
Campos, in the Para{\'{\i}}ba do Sul river valley, SP, Brazil.
Firstly, the physico-chemical characteristics of the peat samples
were classified and the oxidative pyrolysis and combustion by
thermogravimetry (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
were analyzed. Finally, analysis of the pyrolysis and the burning
of the peat in conical calorimeter were carried out, with
determination of emissions, burning rates and heat release rates.
Samples of fibrous, fibrous / hazy peat and turfous soil were
classified. The measured moisture values ranged from 58 to 90% on
wet basis, depending on the type of peat and the location and
timing of sample collection. The calculated average densities of
the fibrous, fibrous / hemic and turfous peat samples were,
respectively, 0.541, 0.585 and 0.527 g/cm\$^{3}\$, whereas the
solid phase densities were 1.753, 2.023 and 1.559 g/cm\$^{3}\$.
Fibrous peat, fibrous/hemic turf and turfous soil presented,
respectively, higher calorific powers around 15171, 6643 and 16800
J/g, obtained in a conventional calorimeter, and 15663, 5428 and
13581 J/g obtained by DSC. The average values of activation energy
of the oxidative pyrolysis and combustion processes were,
respectively, 56461, 55594 and 48400 J/mol for the fibrous,
fibrous/hemic peat and the peaty soil. During burning of peat
samples in a conical calorimeter, the predominance of the
incandescence process was observed and maximum emission values
were determined: 235 ppm of CO, 1346 ppm of CO, 3.1 ppm of
NO\$_{x}\$ and 142 ppm of UHC in the case of fibrous peat, and
127 ppm of CO, 1135 ppm of CO\$_{2}\$, 5.4 ppm of NOx and 72 ppm
of UHC, in the case of turfous soil. The calculated maximum heat
release rates were 1245 kW/m\$^{2}\$ and 1206 kW/m\$^{2}\$ for
samples of peat fibrous and peat soil, respectively.",
committee = "Costa, Fernando de Souza (presidente/orientador) and Rocha, Ana
Maura (orientadora) and Soares Neto, Turibio Gomes and Krieger
Filho, Guenther Carlos and Mendes, Paulo Roberto Bufacchi",
englishtitle = "Oxidative pyrolysis and combustion of the peat of the S{\~a}o
Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
language = "pt",
pages = "146",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3QNQS72",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3QNQS72",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "07 maio 2024"
}